It’s a spectacular feeling to catch your first swordfish on the night drift. If you’re lucky, calm seas and moonlight make for an epic back drop to what is surely one of the fiercest pelagic battles you can hope to endure. While its common to get several bites during the course of a night time sword trip – what really matters is staying tight on the fish…and that’s easier said then done.
I’ve been fishing for swordfish in Miami waters since 2005. Since that time, i’ve made enough mistakes and lost enough fish to learn several valuable lessons I thought I’d share with you today. Swordfishing – day time or night time – ain’t easy. In fact, its one of the most difficult and costly forms of fishing you can undertake. That being said, there is no greater thrill than learning the art and bringing that fat broadbill in the boat when all is said and done.
Night Time Swordfishing Tips and Techniques – How to Catch Swordfish at Night
If you’re reading this, you may have already made a trip or two on your own and realized something wasn’t right. No bites? Pulled the hook too many times? Rigging got fouled? yeah. I’ve been there. Anyone who swordfishes on a regular basis knows the sting of defeat is more common than the taste of victory (which tastes like blackened swordfish steaks). My goal here is to clarify the following so you’re well armed to head offshore and catch a swordfish under the night sky:
- Gear and Tackle
- Rigging and Bait
- The Spread and Strategy
- Landing the Fish
- Safety
There are several other guides on the internet which I feel are top quality, and i’ll provide links to those at the end of this article. For now, grab a rum drink and pay attention. Here’s most of the key lessons i’ve learned about fishing for swordfish at night off Miami and Boca Raton.
Night Time Swordfish Gear and Tackle
Now you have to realize, swordfish are powerful predators. They are one of the strongest and fastest fish in the ocean. They are also the only fish which can swim from 2000 ft to 20 ft…and back down again, without any metabolic impact. They are almost pure muscle besides their giant bony head, which means they can direct a ton of force to their oversized caudal fin and burn any ill equipped angler in a few seconds. If you’re targeting swordfish by night drifting, you have to be committed to investing in good gear. Anything less will leave you busted and frustrated. Think of it this way – you spent the money on your boat (or maybe your friend did), fuel, insurance, trailer, docking, shoes for the wife or girlfriend (to make up for your prolonged absence at sea), and a crap load of beer. To chase swordfish with crap equipment is like trying to hunt white tail bucks with a sling shot. You might get a shot off – but you won’t make a dent!
Essentially, you need the following equipment to make this trip happen:
Reels
We fish Penn International Reels and Shimano Tiagra Reels – but you don’t have to. Having the extra drag power and durable frame makes a big difference when you’re big game fishing. Okuma and Daiwa also make decent big game reels that are less painful on your wallet…but if you’re going all the way and taking this seriously – buy Penn or Shimano. I recommend a 50W or 70VS Penn International for night time fishing or a Tiagra 50. You can get away with a big TLD or a Titus, but you may quickly regret your decision if a slob sucks down a squid off the tip rod. If you can’t afford a new international or tiagra, spend the time combing ebay and the marine flea markets in south florida. You will find a deal…just be patient. Fixing the drag on an international isn’t all that hard and most reel shops in the area can do this for you. You can also send your reel directly to Penn or Shimano and they will recondition to factory specs. Make sure when you buy used reels ****READ THIS **** – i’ll say again…make sure when you buy a used reel that you check the drag before you buy. Know what you’re getting into and realize that you GET WHAT YOU PAY FOR. Do not buy reels from charter boats that have been beat to hell – buy them from a recreational swordfisherman who gave up! 😉
Rods
This is a critical part of the formula. Swordfish are strong as hell and they will break cheap rods. I’ve seen it. It’s hilarious and awesome…but you don’t want to go through it. Bass Pro specials won’t cut it. West marine rods won’t cut it (tidewaters suck). Penn stand up combos in the 60 – 80lb class or custom rods from your local shop are the way to go. I’m a huge fan of Key Largo Custom Rods, Capt Harrys Custom Rods, Biscayne Rods, and Penn Rods. There are dozens upon dozens of rod manufacturers out there and every one will tell you theirs is “the best”. Get a bent butt (short butt style) set up ready for a stand up harness. That’s the best way to go in my opinion. Bent butts are also easier to fish from rod holders while you’re drifting and you can put significant pressure on the fish once you transition to the harness. It’s also easy to find big game bent butts matched with reels as sets online. Spend the time to shop around. But, if you want to spoil yourself and invest in your passion for night time swordfishing – get a custom rod with your name on it. It makes a difference when its your name on the line. 😛
Braided Line
Do not fish monofilament for swordfish. Im sure i’ll get haters coming out of the wood work to attack me for this recommendation…but don’t do it. When you fish braid, there’s no stretch in the line which means more pressure and better shot at a strong hook set. Your wind on leader is what should serve as the shock cord in this instance. You need as much muscle power on these fish as you can muster and braided line is better for fishing deep baits (it cuts through the water). I recommend tuff line first and foremost or jerry brown hollowcore. 80# or 100#. Either way you win. I like to use white colored line because I can see it better in the spreader lights. Dark lines disappear in low light conditions. Put a mono backing on the reel and then load that bad boy up with braid. Put in a loop and use a cats paw to connect your wind -on leader. I wrote an in-depth post about making wind – on leaders which is basically everything you need to get started.
Leader
Use a wind-on leader. Again, i’m sure hundreds of professional fishermen will disagree and have their own methods…but this is how the best swordfishermen I know haul these monsters in on a consistent basis. A wind on leader allows you to fight the fish directly to the boat, and it makes a difference when you’re setting out or retrieving the spread. It’s all about efficiency and durability of the gear – your leader is a critical ingredient so don’t skimp. Use LP leader material or Mamoi – pick your fancy on the strength (minimum 200#). IGFA rules are a little different, so if you’re a purist be sure to read up on the regulations. Otherwise, bigger is better.
Swivels, Crimps, Connections, Loops, zip ties, long line clips, etc
Use good quality crimps for your leader connections. Buy a commercial crimping tool so you can really lock down the connections. It would be stupid to have a crimp pull on a big fish because you bought cheap bass pro crimps instead of Sampo or LP. Buy good swivels -bearing packed barrel swivels or snap swivels will work just fine – just don’t buy bill fisher or el-cheapo. Invest in good swivels and terminal tackle and you’ll be glad you did when the time comes. There are some great crimping kits for sale online so spend the time to shop around. Make sure every crimp, loop to loop, splice, or swivel are in good condition…if it doesn’t look right…it isn’t. Make it again or get another one. You should invest in a splicing kit if you plan on making lots of swordfish leaders. They’re not cheap but it’s more cost effective in the long haul than buying wind ons from the store. It’s also a great feeling when you land a swordfish on a wind-on leader that you made.
You’re going swordfishing – so think like a commercial swordfishermen. You’ll need long line clips, zip ties (assorted sizes), thick rubber bands, wax thread, a file, a good bait knife, rigging needles, tape, wire ties, and a headlamp. 🙂 Buy the best quality you can afford, in bulk if possible.
Pro tip: Buy a line counter so you can tell how deep your baits are on the fly.
Weights
I hate buying lead but its a necessary evil. It gets more expensive every time i go to the store and its the same damn material it was 20 years ago. Market prices are a pain but it is what it is. You need it. Stock up on a selection of 24oz, 32oz, and 4 lb stick leads. Being able to set your bait at depth and keep it there in the current is critical. I attach my weights in a variety of ways depending on the conditions…but i’m a big fan of suspending them beneath the light with a super strong rubber band. That way its easy clip on and clip off the line when you’ve got a fish. I’ve also used long line clips tied to the weight with braided line. It really depends on the rig you’re using in regards to where the weight is placed on the line…but either way you need to be able to remove the weight fumble free when the pressure is on. Long line clips are great for this. I’ve seen guys use zip ties, wire ties, even hair ties to make this happen – but i’m a fan of clip on, clip off. Easy and fumble free every time. AND you’re less likely to lose an expensive piece of lead to the abyss.
Lights
I’m not sure who came up with this phrase, might have been Bouncer Smith who solidified it for me, but “no light, no bite!”. There are dozens of lights on the market – but you should invest in LP electralumes and Duralite Diamond flashers. You will also need a swordlight – I use hydraglow but I don’t recommend them because they break all the damn time. Find a solid, sturdy, and shock resistant fishing light in green or violet. I’ve seen alot of boats fishing blue recently…but swords see contrast and are sensitive to light…they bask from time to time and anything that casts a bright hue is probably a good thing. I’m a big fan of the slow color changing LP electralumes, although i’ve had bites on all kinds of colors. I am bias towards the green lights as I think they are more closely representative of bioluminescence…but hey. Its up to you. You will need lots of cyalume green glow sticks for your buoys so you can see them in the dark.
Hooks
This is a subject of mass debate among swordfishermen. I’m partial to what the commercial guys use…and also what the BnM boys use. LP 9/0 offset J Hooks, Mustad J Hooks, Jobu Big Game are pretty much the make it or break it selections. LP hooks are super sturdy carbon steel and razor sharp – but not as sharp as the Jobu. Mustad is tried and true. My recommendation – buy all of them. Match the hook to the bait you’re using – i prefer to rig squids with mustads and bridle live baits with LPs. Jobus are great for whole fish like mullett, bonita strips, or lady fish. Don’t go overboard here – you’ll go through hooks but not as many as you think. More often than not you won’t get cut off, the hook will pull…and big game hooks are not cheap. Choose but choose wisely – just buy quality.
Fighting Belt and Stand Up Harness
You’re in for the battle of your life, so make sure you have a decent stand up harness. There are dozens of these on the market. I like Aftco and Black Magic. I’ll leave this one up to you, but make sure its not a cheap belt. I witnessed a harness fall apart from corrosion while a friend was fighting a swordfish a few years ago…he thought it was a practical joke but it was just shitty gear. We wound up having to fight the fish from the rod holder because the harness wound up in shreds. Not funny at the time…well, actually…yeah it was funny at the time. But I would never want that to happen to me. You might also want to bring a thin foam pad to put under the thigh brace – if you’re in for a long fight that belt will get raw on your legs since you’ll likely be wearing a pair of boardshorts.
Buy or make safety lines for all your rods (clip them to cleates on the boat) and one for you. Even the pros run the risk of getting pulled overboard.
Landing Gear and Implements of Destruction for Night Time Swordfishing
I’ll never forget the first time i went night time swordfishing. I walked onto the dock behind my friend’s house and could not believe how much gear was laying on the deck. The first thing to catch my eye, besides the shining set of Penn 50 Internationals – was the assortment of gaffs, harpoons, hooks, lancing instruments, a sword (yeah right? wtf?), a bat (metal louisville slugger) and a set of knives. I was shocked. Of particular interest was the flying gaff big enough to land jaws – I couldn’t believe it was a potentially necessary piece of gear. Damn was it ever. Buy Aftco gaffs – they’re sturdy and true. Get a decent harpoon from your local outfitter and make sure its rigged with a brass dart crimped to a steel leader. Get plenty of harpoon line and a buoy. If you’ve never used a harpoon before…its awesome…but learn the tricks to rigging it quick so you can deploy it in a matter of minutes. Most fish are lost at the boat and the harpoon can be the upper hand you need to succeed. It may not be IGFA legal…but this is meat fishing and not every night is a tournament. Make sure you have a flying gaff, long gaff, and a back up gaff. I do recommend you bring a machete – but that’s to fend off pirates or cut through fins so you can jam the core in the fish box. Remember – these fish don’t like being caught and most of them are lost at the boat. They will not be happy when they see you and hear you screaming – gaff in the head and tail as quick as you can and pull them to the side of the boat – but landing swordfish is a lesson i believe is earned…it’s a terrifying experience the first two or three times you sink a gaff into a big fish that ain’t quite ready…so go enjoy yourself but remember – that fish would kill you if it could. Be careful.
Buoys
This should technically go under the spread section of this article, but i’m putting it here because you need to make these. You can use milk jugs, balloons, or pool noodles to make your buoys – but make sure you can quickly attach and remove them from the line. I’m a big fan of the empty screw cap water jug with two glow sticks inside. This acts like a floating lantern, but sometimes its hard to see at night between the waves. A zip tie around the handle will quickly attach to your rubber band in the line. If you’re feeling inventive and crafty, buy a few pool noodles and be creative about placing a piece of PVC inside so you can attach a glow stick at the top and a long line clip at the bottom. Pool Noodle buoys stand up-right in the waves, which makes them easy to see at night. There’s a variety of designs out there for this, but being inventive like this is more fun.
Sea Anchor
You will definitely need one of these. I made the mistake of buying crap sea anchors for years and i’ve paid the price. They are not cheap, but get the best and BIGGEST (within reason) one you can afford. You’ll be glad you did. This is a critical instrument in positioning the boat and keeping your spread organized. Your boat will spin without this piece of equipment and your lines will tangle. The speed of your drift is also very important – gotta keep it between 2 and 3 knots – although sometimes a fast drift helps to cover more ground when the fish are scattered. Paratech is the way to go if you can afford it.
Rigging Baits for Night Time Swordfishing
The most important part of your rig is your bait. Without good bait – you will do no damage. As you’re learning, alot of things have to come together to make a successful night time swordfishing mission…and the bait is no exception. Rotting squid won’t cut it. Do your best to stock up on frozen or fresh squids which are still in-tact and clean. Baitmasters provides really top notch squid on a consistent basis and most tackle shops in the south florida area carry them. You can also order them online un-rigged in a variety of sizes. Live bait, if available, is great for fishing at depths of 300 ft or shallower. Live goggle eyes, big blue runners, or tinker mackerel can make a world of difference – but for the most part, squids are the bait of choice for drift fishing. They can be rigged in a variety of ways, but they present naturally at any depth if set up properly. Squid is also the main food source for swordfish, although they will eat anything. Whole fresh lady fish are also a terrific bait because they shine in low light conditions and flop along well at depth if sewn together properly.
Once you’ve secured fresh unspoiled squid – make sure to thaw them out in a salty brine. A bag of ice, bucket of water, and 1/4 can of salt is all you need. By thawing squids in salt brine, they retain their natural muscle and don’t thin out – it keeps the bait firm during rigging and while you’re enroute to the sword grounds. Since rigging squids is a topic which has been widely covered by dozens of top notch anglers, here’s a few links to some of the best resources i’ve found on the subject:
- Squid rigging from LMR Tackle
- Squid rigging most viewed on youtube
- Squid rigging thread from SFC
- Squid Rigging results from SFC
- Squid rigging from sportfishing.com
The Spread and Strategy for Night Time Swordfishing
Landing A Swordfish at Night
Safety while Fishing at Night
- You are offshore in the dark
- You are trusting your bilge pumps, engines, and wiring with your life
- Alot of things could go wrong at any minute
- You are operating in extremely restricted visibility and likely in rough water
- It’s an exhausting endeavor and you may not be mentally as sharp as you were at the office
- There’s usually beer or rum involved
- Swordfish have very sharp unforgiving bills which can cut you BAD
- Seatow is not coming to get you if you break down 20 miles offshore
- You may be boarded by the USCG or homeland security
- Weather can appear at any time…at any moment…fiercely
- There are many sharp objects on the boat
- You’re pretty much on your own out there
Capt. Charlie Ellis
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